Ozone Depletion and Monthly Test English

Choose the things in each sentence. Keep in touch with them on the sheet gave, Then, compose An if the thing names an individual, B-a spot, C-a thing, and D †an occasion. Model: The young men played their toys. Answer: young men †individual , toys †thing 1. Do you have a guide of the Philippines? 2. The kids were worn out after their field trip. 3. Our folks consistently remind us to regard the seniors. 4. The seismic tremor began in Martinique. 5. Auntie Ana overlooked her umbrella. B. Stem-alternative Directions: Choose a proper thing to finish each sentence.Write the letter of your answer on the sheet gave. 1. The competitor wave the Philippine throughout the day. A. Frog b. Banner c. Flood 2. The solid tropical storm blew down the out and about. A. Inflatable b. Trees c. Individuals 3. Brenda can't cover the telephone tab since she has no c. Horse 4. The noisy terrified the youngsters. A. Thunder b. Tropical storm c. Seismic tremor 5. Creatures in the bazaar do ent ertaining c. Stunts a. Feet C. Distinguishing proof . A. Nectar b. Cash thing. Headings: Identify the underline thing as normal or appropriate Example: Linda is heating a cake for her family. Answer: Linda †formal person, place or thing 1. The Philippines has three significant islands .Basketball Is a well known games in our nation. 3. Hans Christian Andersen Is a creator of great youngsters' accounts. 4. â€Å"The Little 5. Some cutting edge machines add to the consumption of the ozone layer. II. Perusing A. Stem Option Variety Directions: Write the missing last two letters of the words given underneath. Ensure that the finished words fit the depiction of the expressions. Compose the entire word on the sheet gave. Model: equivalent to a present gig_ Answer: blessing 1. To go up the steps †cut 2. The shading delivered when red and white are joined - pi expert as a mask †mama 4. Meeting that is worn on the midriff be 5. To open and close the eyes blip . 3. Is put on t he A. Headings: Pick - out the words with consonant digraphs. Compose your answer on the sheet gave. Arranged by: Ms. Railroad P. Interminable Grade School Department

Free Essays on Anthony Van Dyck

Anthony Van Dyck’s â€Å"Andromeda Chained to the Rock† Anthony Van Dyck is a splendid and immensely compelling representation painter who was likewise a strict and story craftsman, a quintessential designer and etcher and a beguiling incidental scene watercolorist. The seventh of twelve kids destined to a affluent silk shipper in Belgium, Anthony van Dyck started to paint at an early age. By the age of nineteen, he had become an educator in Antwerp. In his mid twenties, van Dyck went to Italy, where he contemplated the artistic creations of Titian and Paolo Veronese and functioned as a fruitful picture painter for the Italian respectability. In 1621 Anthony van Dyck left Antwerp and his situation as boss right hand to Peter Paul Rubens. He spent the following six a long time in Italy, considering an over the top appreciation for Titian and building up a develop painting style. He lived in England from 1632 to his demise, turning into a chic picture craftsman and court painter to King Charles I. The piece that truly stands apart of all Van Dyck’s work is Andromeda Chained to the Rock. Van Dyck's social condition and pictorial style approach in this painting of Andromeda, the delightful Ethiopian princess whose penance was required to quiet an ocean beast assaulting the realm. Van Dyck delineates her tied in a rough cavern anticipating her destiny, while the beast approaches through the waves. Perseus, her rescuer, moves rapidly along through the skies on Pegasus. Andromeda stands immovably, full-length, and life-sized, turning upward in anguish. Andromeda has a strong physical nearness, which may likewise originate from the way that Van Dyck utilized his fancy woman Margaret Lemon for the model of this composition. The woman’s vivacious eyes, point by point facial highlights, and fine displaying of tissue tones show the Van Dyck’s worry for surface and example. His brush strokes fluctuate to mellow the foundation what's more, Free Essays on Anthony Van Dyck Free Essays on Anthony Van Dyck Anthony Van Dyck’s â€Å"Andromeda Chained to the Rock† Anthony Van Dyck is a splendid and massively powerful picture painter who was likewise a strict and story craftsman, a quintessential designer and etcher and a beguiling periodic scene watercolorist. The seventh of twelve youngsters destined to a well off silk trader in Belgium, Anthony van Dyck started to paint at an early age. By the age of nineteen, he had become an instructor in Antwerp. In his mid twenties, van Dyck went to Italy, where he considered the artistic creations of Titian and Paolo Veronese and functioned as a fruitful representation painter for the Italian respectability. In 1621 Anthony van Dyck left Antwerp and his situation as boss associate to Peter Paul Rubens. He spent the following six a long time in Italy, imagining an over the top esteem for Titian and building up a develop painting style. He lived in England from 1632 to his demise, turning into an in vogue representation craftsman and court painter to King Charles I. The piece that truly stands apart of all Van Dyck’s work is Andromeda Chained to the Rock. Van Dyck's social condition and pictorial style approach in this painting of Andromeda, the lovely Ethiopian princess whose penance was required to quiet an ocean beast assaulting the realm. Van Dyck portrays her affixed in a rough cavern anticipating her destiny, while the beast approaches through the waves. Perseus, her rescuer, moves rapidly along through the skies on Pegasus. Andromeda stands solidly, full-length, and life-sized, turning upward in anguish. Andromeda has a strong physical nearness, which may likewise originate from the way that Van Dyck utilized his fancy woman Margaret Lemon for the model of this artistic creation. The woman’s vivacious eyes, point by point facial highlights, and fine demonstrating of tissue tones show the Van Dyck’s worry for surface and example. His brush strokes differ to relax the foundation what's more,

Constitution of 1787 and True Revolution in Government - 1100 Words

How did the Constitution of 1787 represented a True Revolution in Government? (Research Paper Sample) Content: Response Essay Summary SheetName:Question: How did the Constitution of 1787 represented a True Revolution in Government?Thesis: The initial sections of the document are among the most important statements of American ideals ever expressed and represented a true revolution in government.Outline: The Articles of Confederation gave little power to the central government as opposed to the 1787 Constitution which addresses the unalienable human rights including freedom to life and pursuit of happiness. The document was based on the belief that all humans are equal. Thus, the 1787 Constitution gave power to the American people, which makes it a truly revolutionary document.Works Consulted:Feinberg, Barbara Silberdick. The Articles of Confederation: The First Constitution of the United States. Brookfield, Conn.: Twenty-First Century Books, 2002.Jayne, Allen. Jeffersons Declaration of Independence: Origins, Philosophy, and Theology. Lexington, Kentucky: University Press of Ke ntucky, 2015.Nester, William R. The Frontier War for American Independence. Mechanicsburg, PA: Stackpole Books, 2004.The Supreme Court and Sovereign States. Princeton Alumni Weekly, vol. 24, no. 22, 1924, pp. 469-471. Princeton, New Jersey: Princeton Alumni Weekly, 1968.Wills, Garry. Inventing America: Jeffersons Declaration of Independence. Boston, MA: Houghton Mifflin Company, 2002.Student NameProfessors NameCourseDateHow the Constitution of 1787 Represented a True Revolution in Government?It can be said that the American Constitution drafted and passed in 1787 produced a true revolution in government. A young but fast rising revolutionary leader Thomas Jefferson drafted the Declaration of Independence (Wills vi). The Continental Congress embraced the draft on 4th July 1776. The Declaration of Independence was the first endeavor by the United States of America to outline the unalienable rights that were the basis of the revolution and the need to be independent and separate from t he British colonies. The 1787 constitution represented a true revolutionary in the government because; 1) it championed the basic human rights, 2) it served as the first constitution after independence and 3) replaced the articles of confederation. Some of the initial sections of the document are among the most important statements of American ideals ever expressed.The truths of the revolutionary American Constitution are self-evident. It is conventional that all men were created equal and that they were gifted with particular unalienable rights. Among these rights were pursuit of happiness, freedom, and many others. The governments that derived their control from the approval of their subjects were called to secure these rights. According to them, the governed people had the rights to abolish or alter the government in case it became destructive or insensitive to these rights (The Supreme Court 470). The people then found a new government that laid its foundation on such values and organized its powers in such a manner that brought them happiness and safety.The American government was formed and shaped on the basis of the principle that all men were equal and that the government was founded on the consensus of the subjects (the governed). It was the ultimate obligation that the government should serve the people that it was controlling. The American Constitution was formed as part of the Americans decision to be independent (The Supreme Court 470). It was among the first written constitutions in the worlds history. The law included the declaration of rights in addition to the manner in which their new state government was to work. The rights included in the constitution were: freedom of speech, the right to trial by jury, freedom of worship, the freedom to have arms in case of citizen militia, and many others (Jayne 126). The state laws were courageous revolutionary attempts, and in many instances, they were never perfect since the American leaders wanted to document how their administrations should operate. However, the efforts were a significant step forward to the concept that the need for a government was to serve the interests of the people and, at the same time, protect individual freedoms.It should be remembered that the independence of the United States was declared in 1776, and the country had to go into war to gain that liberation (Nester 2). Just after the independence, the Articles of Confederation were created by the thirteen states. The document gave too little power to the Central American government to the extent that it looked more of a treaty between the independent states than a law for the newly formed nation. The law amounted to something like a confederacy of friendship where every state remained sovereign, free and independent. However, the central government was given considerable duties (Feinberg 26).The first American government was formed under the Articles of Confederation, which was the first ultimate legal system of the country. After the end of war in 1781, America was still under the Articles of Confederation as their form of government (Feinberg 26). The document was similar to the constitution in some ways, but there were key variations. Among the differences was the fact that the president had to be chosen from among the representatives of the states as opposed to national election. Choosing the president was done on a yearly basis. It therefore means that before the election of George Washington as the first constitutional president, America had had 11 presidents.Another big difference between the Articles of Confederation and the Constitution was that any needs of the country were addressed by the states (Feinberg 27). For instance, according to the document, in case there was a need to deal with pirates from the coast of South Carolina, each state had to provide a given number of men and other necessary resources for the task. Indeed, this process was very cumbersome and took a lot of time and resources since the transport and communication methods of the day were not efficient.The American leaders of the time did not take long to realize that something needed to be done. It was clear that the nation did not have sufficient resources to defend itself under the prevailing system. Thus, a convention was held with the aim and purpose of rebuilding the nation. There were numerous objections since such an idea was seen as being against the Articles of Confedera...

Platos Works Essay examples - 1881 Words

Platos Works In his works, Plato writes about truth, justice, and reality in full detail. His ideas are greatly deep and persuasively argued. It is from him that all western philosophy is a footnote. He describes his view in a series of numerous dialogues. For my report, I have chosen four of his works to study, which I think were his most important. The Republic is a dialogue composed of 10 books. The theme in its entirety is justice. The characters of the dialogue are Socrates, who is the narrator; Glaucon and Adeimantus, brothers of Plato; Cephalus, a rich old man; Polemarchus, son of Plato; Thrasymachus, a Sophist; and Cleitophon. The dialogue takes place in the house of Cephalus. Book I of The Republic deals with the†¦show more content†¦Book III is a various discussion of references and beauty. He goes back to the soldier who must not fear death, but praise it. Socrates then states rulers must use propaganda for the prosperity of the state. Socrates proceeds to discuss the condemnation of imitation because it is unreal. With this comes the idea of a new poet who does not imitate. The new poet must have a balanced soul. He brings the idea of a balanced soul into his view of the ideal ruler. This ruler does not own property. Book IV highlights three main points : the togetherness of all elements, the idea that whatever happens to the state happens to the individual, and a discussion in which virtues act in the state and the soul. Plato starts this book by saying that ethics and politics are the same. Adeimantus questions Socrates by saying that the Republic would not bring happiness. Socrates brings up specific points about the state and the roles of education, justice, wisdom, courage, and temperance in the state. He discusses the soul of the state and how reason must rule it. Finally, he answers Thrasymachus and Glaucon. Socrates shows that it is more natural for a man to be just rather than unjust if his soul is healthy and each part is doing its proper work. Book V takes a position between pure theory and pinpoint detail. Here, Socrates admits he does not like to deal with detail, but is forced to. The Republic throughout shows the ideal. In Book V, Socrates discusses theShow MoreRelatedPlatos Philosophy and Works1915 Words   |  8 Pagesï » ¿Prompt: Book X of the Republic does not reflect the rest of Platos work. On the one hand, Plato stages a final showdown between philosophy and literature (or myth). On the other hand, the book concludes with the elaborate legend of Ers journey into the afterlife creating a determining myth factor. The prompt invites one to make sense of this contradiction. What is the point of the final myth? What does Plato manage to convey through it that he wasnt able to show or persuade with the philosophicalRead MorePlatos Explanation of an Ideal State in his Work, The Republic1878 Words   |  8 PagesThis question has sparked debate since the very formation of organized political society. In Plato’ s The Republic, Plato seeks to define justice and in doing so he seeks to explain the ideal just state. In Plato’s explanation of an ideal state, there is an extreme emphasis on unity and harmony. The reason unity and harmony are so important to Plato are because they are responsible for bonding together Plato’s ideal state and protecting it from tyranny. Plato explains at great length the framework whichRead MoreJohn Ruskin Work10142 Words   |  41 Pagesspeaking from my heart, if I went on under the supposition that all rich people were idle. You would be both unjust and unwise if you allowed me to say that; — not less unjust than the rich people who say that all the poor are idle, and will never work if they can help it, or more than they can help. For indeed the fact is, that there are idle poor and idle rich; and there are busy poor and busy rich. Many a beggar is as lazy as if he had ten thousand a year; and many a man of large fortune is busierRead MoreI Am A Clinical Social Worker For Aid For The Relief Of Those Who Have Suffered1187 Words   |  5 Pageslife decisions, it is important to reflect upon where one has come from and where one aims to go. In my own personal life, I aim to become a clinical social worker to aid in the relief of those who have suffered. More specifically, I would like to work in urgent care, hospitals, and hospice in order to help those with physical conditions understand the ramifications of their decisions and have as much peace among the chaos in their lives as possible. After much contemplation, I have decidedRead MoreGuthrie Essay 854 Words   |  4 Pagesquestions of philosophy have been so widely different† (Guthrie 19). Looking at a specific philosopher, Plato for example, this equation may be further analyzed. The first variable, temperament, is shown by Plato’s personality and interests, such as his concern for politics depicted in Plato’s Republic. The next, experience, explains why Plato has fixations with the ideas he possesses and the final piece to the equation, previous philosophers, is self-explanatory that earlier thinkers, like SocratesRead MoreThe Allegory Of The Cave1086 Words   |  5 Pagesallegorical significance(s) of the cave in Plato’s Republic. How is the cave an allegory of Plato’s philosophy? How is the allegory of the cave an allegory for enlightenment or philosophical education? How and why are most human beings like prisoners in a cave? Who are the puppeteers? What does the world o utside the cave represent? What does the sun represent? Etc. What is Plato’s Theory of the Forms? What is a Form? How does the allegory of the cave express Plato’s Theory of the Forms? How is philosophyRead MoreGender Roles And Gender Relations1512 Words   |  7 Pagesat the expense of women. In Plato’s Republic, Plato devises his plausible ideal city, Kallipolis, which holds a very different notion of these gender roles and relations from the standard held in the early ages. It is quite progressive as both, men and women, are able to uphold the same positions at work and have access to the same education, and neither are restricted to being the sole caretaker of the children. This concept enhances and strengthens the unity of Plato’s ideal just city. UnfortunatelyRead MoreAnalysis of Aristotle and Platos Thoughts Essay985 Words   |  4 Pagescontrary to Plato’s strict utopian structure and group over individual hierarchy view of the ideal stat e. Plato’s ideal state is strictly structured through a utopian ideal. Everything within Plato’s ideal state has a place and purpose, and everyone within it is aware of that. While the state works for the people as a whole instead of individual, Plato also proposes the idea of propaganda to mold even the lowest of his utopia into model citizens for the state. Plato’s state is theRead MoreThe Utopian Views Of Plato And Platos Political State741 Words   |  3 Pagesequals, contrary to Plato’s strict utopian structure and group over individual hierarchy view of the ideal state. Plato’s ideal state is strictly structured through a utopian ideal. Everything within Plato’s ideal state has a place and purpose, and everyone within it is aware of that. While the state works for the people as a whole instead of individual, Plato also proposes the idea of propaganda to mold even the lowest of his utopia into model citizens for the state. Plato’s state is the essenceRead MorePlato s Views On Democracy845 Words   |  4 PagesIn The Republic of Plato, Plato, in addition to sharing his views on justice, shares his views on democracy using a fictionalized Socrates to outline the most pressing issues. Plato’s views on democracy are negative; he believes democracy to be bred from a response to inequality of wealth and to heighten all of humanities worst traits. Plato believes democracy leads to unequipped leaders who hold offices and power without the necessary traits and preparation. The main issue Plato has with democracy

Augustus s Life During The Civil War - 1741 Words

Augustus had a discouraging childhood as he was unhealthy and did not have many connections with the government. Augustus was born on 23, September 63 BC. He was the son of a man from Velitrae who was in the position of praetorship and died unexpectedly when Augustus was 4. At this same time, Rome was dangerous because of extensive civil war. Augustus’ great uncle, Julius Caesar, was involved in this war. Augustus’ father was married to Atia, who was the daughter of Julia, Caesar’s sister. Later on in Augustus’ life, Caesar’s distant family relationship was idle to how Augustus came into power. When Augustus’s grandmother, Julia, died, Augustus delivered the eulogy at her funeral, which was his first public appearance. Soon after, Caesar won the civil war and was given the title of dictator of Rome. In order for Caesar to claim power, he needed a heir. Since he did not have a son of his own, he adopted Augustus. Augustus was a young man with no knowledge of politics in Rome, therefore, this was a great opportunity for him to gain knowledge from Caesar, since he was deemed son of Caesar. Soon after, Caesar died; he was murdered by his own advisors. Augustus was 19 when this happened and instantly took power of Rome. Augustus’ victories have helped him glorify Rome during his reign as emperor, as well as showing dedication to Rome, which was unfortunately false, overall, he only used his victories to gain popularity in Rome. In 31 BC, Augustus defeated Cleopatra and MarkShow MoreRelatedRome s Transformation From Republic1584 Words   |  7 Pagesnever claimed the title), Augustus led Rome’s transformation from republic to empire during the chaotic years following the assassination of his great-uncle and adoptive father Julius Caesar. Augustus became one of Rome’s greatest leaders and he established the principate, the form of government under which Rome ruled its empire for many years. HISTORICAL CONTEXT Caesar Augustus, was born Gaius Julius Octavius in Rome, Italy and was alive from 63 BC - AD 14. Augustus’ father, also called GaiusRead MoreWas The First Emperor Of Rome So A Good Thing?1214 Words   |  5 PagesAccording to many historians Augustus was not only the first emperor of Rome but also the greatest. During his long and impressive career Augustus dissolved the faulty governmental system of the Republic and created a new basis of Roman government that stood for three centuries. On his death bed Augustus was purported to have said: â€Å"Did I play my part well?† Through examination of his reforms of the Roman tax and legal system, as well as his role in creating the Pax Romana and a stable military itRead MoreThe Downfall Of Julius Caesar962 Words   |  4 Pagescom, 2009). Eventually, Caesar rose up through the ranks and became a great general. Caesar eventually went to war with Pompey and was able to drive Pompey out making Caesar believe declare himself t he dictator for life. Even though under Caesar’s control daily Roman life improved, his assassination was for the best of the Roman people because he had stated himself as the dictator for life in Rome, ruining any chance of continuing democracy, he was self-centered, Rome got a new ruler and became successfulRead MoreThe Differences Between Charlemagne And Augustus1088 Words   |  5 Pages Charlemagne and Augustus were separated by many centuries (seven), in that time many changes occurred in both culture and lifestyles. Charlemagne and Augustus had a few similarities but many more differences. Examples of the similarities would be they both ruled large empires with close to the same amount of territory governed. To rule these large empires they both had to fight off rival kingdoms/empires/tribes. They were also similar in they inherited their respective territories. However, theirRead MoreThe Contribution Of Augustus s Reign From The Middle East And The North African Seaboard1124 Words   |  5 PagesAugustus is arguably the single most important figure in Roman history. In the course of his long and spectacular career, he put an end to the advancing decay of the Republic and established a new basis for Roman government that was to stand for three centuries. This system, termed the Principate, was far from flawless, but it provided the Roman Empire with a series of rulers who presided over the longest period of unity, peace, and prosperity that Western Europe, the Middle East and the NorthRead MoreTransition Period : The Roman Republic1198 Words   |  5 Pagespolitics in many western cultures and some of its implements are still used today. The power of the Roman people allowed them to govern during the Roman Republic but only centuries later in Imperial Rome did the power fall to only one man. The transition from the Roman Republic to Imperial Rome is known to have many different causes but the sum of them led to war, war then led to conquerors and conquerors seized all of Rome’s power. The Roman Republic highlights Rome’s initial plan for prosperity butRead MoreQuestions On Virgil s The Odyssey 1009 Words   |  5 PagesWeek 6 Discussions Virgil 1) Who is Aeneas and where did he come from? - Aeneas is son of Anchises, the prince of Dardaria and Venus, goddess of beauty and love. Aeneas was a Trojan military leader during the Trojan War. Aeneas was also one of the lone survivors after the siege of Troy. After the fall of Troy, Aeneas is divinely lead to Carthage by Juno because she has a grudge against the Trojans. While in Carthage, queen Dido falls deeply in love with Aeneas. Jupiter afraid that Aeneas is abandoningRead MoreReforms of Diocletian1268 Words   |  6 Pagesestablished an autocratic government and was responsible for laying the groundwork for the second phase of the Roman Empire, which is known variously as the Dominate (as opposed to the Principate instituted by Augustus), the Tetrarchy, or simply the Later Roman Empire. Diocletian s reforms fundamentally changed the structure of imperial government and helped stabilize the empire economically and militarily, enabling it to remain essentially intact for another hundred years. splitting theRead MoreSimilarities Between Cleopatra And Cleopatra1523 Words   |  7 PagesEckhardt 6 Caesar’s guests until his murder, Cleopatra tried to get recognition for her son as rightful heir, but to no avail.†(Cinnone) â€Å"Cleopatra s family ruled Egypt for more than 100 years before she was born around 69 B.C. The stories and myths surrounding Cleopatra s tragic life inspired a number of books, movies and plays, including Antony and Cleopatra by Shakespeare. Cleopatra has become one of the most well-known ancient Egyptians.†(Cleopatra VII Thea Philopator.) â€Å"In 59 Caesars,Read MoreHow Can Historians Make Use Of The Stories That The Romans1723 Words   |  7 PagesAeneas. In regards to their use to historians, though there is debate as to the legitimacy of historical facts, looking beyond the actual story and noting the difference between versions particularly in Romulus and Remus can give clues of Roman society during the time of it being written. The information contained within the stories of foundation reflects the needs of the Romans citizens and the influences of the era. Introduction. Through the study of past evidence, historians become capable of creating

Amirs Road to Redemption free essay sample

â€Å"Amir’s road to redemption only comes about when he can forgive himself. † There are many themes in The Kite Runner and one of those themes is redemption for Amir. This theme constantly runs through for both Amir and Baba I believe that Amir’s road to redemption starts when he goes to see Rahim khan when Rahim khan is dying and he tells Amir that there is a way to be good again. That is when Amir Relises that he can be redeemed for what he has done to Hassan in the past. The definition of redemption is paying for something that you have done wrong in the past so therefore Amir’s road to redemption can not start when he forgives himself it has to start before then for it to be a road because the definition of a road is a way of means to achieve something so it can not be a road to redemption if he has already achieved his redemption. We will write a custom essay sample on Amirs Road to Redemption or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page His road to redemption only can start when he finds out what he can do to achieve his redemption and then he is on the road that leads him to that redemption. That point is when Amir returns to Afghanistan to go to the death bed of Rahim Khan and he tells Amir that he needs to take Hassan back with him to America. So now Amir knows what he has to do to achieve his redemption and he sets out to achieve it. The first time that Amir really feels that he is on the road to redemption is when he allows Assef to beat him up because in the book he starts to laugh and mocks Assef. This shows that he being beaten up is his way of paying for what he did to Hassan and also how he left Hassan to be raped by Assef when he just watched and then ran away when they were boys. When Amir brakes his promise to Sorab he tryed to cut his wrists in a suiside attempt and Amir is horrified at what Sorab has done that and he tells Sorab that when the ambulance carried him away he was still screaming. This tells us that the key to Amir’s redemption lies with Sorab Surviving and making it out of Afghanistan. There were problems in trying to get Sorab out of Afghanistan but there is a great turning point in this struggle to get Sorab in out of Afghanistan and that is when Amir does something he has not done in fifteen years and that is he prays. Even though praying is a great literary way to redeem yourself but this shows us that Amir is acknowledging his past and taking responsibility for what he has done. Amir’s road to redemption only starts when he know what he has to do to redeem himself and ends when he is able to save and make Sorab happy Amir’s redemption never actually come about because the book ends before they tell us that he is happy. At the end of the book the roles are revesed because Amir runs the kite for Sorab and tell him â€Å"For you a thousand times over. † This shows us that Amir is at peace with his past.

The Concept Of Collaborative Working Social Work Essay Essay Example

The Concept Of Collaborative Working Social Work Essay Essay Collaboration is a interprofessional procedure of communicating and determination devising that enables shared cognition and accomplishments in wellness attention suppliers to synergistically act upon the ways service user/patient attention and the broader community wellness services are provided ( Way et al, 2002 ) . The development of collaborative working will needfully imply close interprofessional working ( Wilson et al. , 2008 ) . Harmonizing to Wilson et Al, ( 2008 ) and Hughes, Hemmingway A ; Smith, ( 2005 ) interprofessional and collaborative working describes sing the service user in a holistic manner, and the benefits to the service user that different administrations, such as Social Workers ( SW ) , Occupational Therapists ( OT ) and District Nurse ( DN ) and other wellness professionals can convey working together can accomplish. These definitions describe collaborative working as the act of people working together toward common ends. Integrated working involves setin g the service user at the Centre of determination doing to run into their demands and better their lives ( Dept of Health, 2009 ) . We will write a custom essay sample on The Concept Of Collaborative Working Social Work Essay specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on The Concept Of Collaborative Working Social Work Essay specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on The Concept Of Collaborative Working Social Work Essay specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer This paper will concentrate first see why wellness attention pupils learn about working together so reexamining authorities policy and how this can be applied in a Social Care context, so on act uponing factors on the results of collaborative working mentions within the professional literature, and eventually, reexamining grounds on collaborative pattern in wellness and societal attention. Learning to work collaboratively with other professionals and bureaus is a clear outlook of societal worker in the prescribed course of study for the new Social Work Degree ( DoH 2002 ) . The grounds are field: a-? Service users want societal workers who can join forces efficaciously with others to obtain and provide services ( Audit Commission 2002 ) a-? Collaboration is cardinal in implementing schemes for effectual attention and protection of kids and of vulnerable adultsas underlined, severally, by the recent study of the Victoria Climbie Inquiry ( Crippling 2003 ) and the earlier No Secrets policies ( DoH 2000 ) a-? Effective coaction between staff at the front-line is besides a important ingredient in presenting the Government s broader ends of partnership between services ( Whittington 2003 ) . Experience is turning of what is involved in larning for collaborative pattern. This experience promises valuable information for Social Work Degree suppliers and others developing larning chances but has non been consistently researched in UK societal work programmes for a decennary ( Whittington 1992 ; Whittington et al 1994 ) . The suppliers of Diploma in Social Work programmes ( DipSW ) represented an untapped beginning of straight movable experience in this country of acquisition and were hence chosen as the focal point of the survey. Making collaborative pattern a world in establishments requires an apprehension of the indispensable elements, persistent and go oning attempts, and strict rating of results. Satisfaction, quality, and cost effectivity are indispensable factors on two dimensions: results for patient attention suppliers ; and results for patients. Ultimately, collaborative pattern can be recognized by demonstrated effectual communicating forms, accomplishment of enhanced patient attention results, and efficient and effectual support services in topographic point. If these standards are non met, collaborative pattern is a myth and non a world in your establishment. Simms LM, Dalston JW, Roberts PW. Collaborative pattern: myth or world? Hosp Health Serv Adm. 1984 Nov-Dec ; 29 ( 6 ) :36-48. PubMed PMID: 10268659. hypertext transfer protocol: //www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed Health attention pupils are thought about coaction so that they can see the alone part that each professional can convey to the proviso of attention in a genuinely holistic manner. Learning about working together can assist forestall the development of negative stereotypes, which can populate interprofessional coaction. ( Tunstall-Pedoe et al 2003 ) Health attention pupils can associate theory they have leant with pattern and bring added value of successful collaborative pattern. ( www.facuity.londondeanery.ac.uk ) Learning collaborative pattern with other professionals is the nucleus outlook in societal work instruction both measure uping and station grad. Effective coaction and interaction can straight act upon a SU intervention, in a positive manner, and the antonym can be said about uneffective coaction that can hold terrible branchings, which has been cited in legion public enquiries. Professionals should besides portion information about SU s to maintain themselves and their co-workers safe from injury. Working together to safeguard kids states that developing on safeguarding kids and immature people should be embedded within a wider model of committedness to bury and multi-agency working at strategic and operational degrees underpinned by shared ends, be aftering procedures and values. The Children Act 1989 recognised that the designation and probe of kid maltreatment, together with the protection and support of victims and their households, requires multi-agency coaction. Caring for People ( DH, 1989 ) stated that successful coaction required a clear, common apprehension by every bureau of each others duties and powers, in order to do kick how and with whom coaction should be secured. It is apparent from the above that Government has been actively advancing collaborative working, and this is reflected in professional literature. Hence, the policy clime and legislative background were established to ease inter-agency and intra-agency coaction. The declared purpose has been to make high quality, needs-led, coordinated services that maximised pick for the service user ( Payne, 1995 ) . Political force per unit area in recent old ages has focused attending on interprofessional coaction in SW ( Pollard, Sellman A ; Senior, 2005 ) and when viewed as a good thing , it is worthwhile to critically analyze its benefits and drawbacks merely what is so good about it. ( Leathard, 2003 ) . Interprofessional coaction benefits the service user by the usage of complementary accomplishments, shared cognition, resources and possibility better occupation satisfaction. Soon after the new Labour authorities in 1997 gave a powerful new drift to the construct of coaction and partnership between wellness professionals and services, they recognised this and there was a overplus of societal policy enterprises official on collaborative working published. A clear indicant of this can be found in NHS Plan ( DH, 2000 ) , Modernizing the Social Services ( DH, 1998a ) . Policies concent rated on bureau constructions and better articulation working. This was nil new, since the 1970s there has been a turning accent on multiagency working. 1974 saw the first large imperativeness engagement in the decease of a kid ( Maria Coldwell ) and they questioned why professionals were non able to protect kids who they had identified as most at hazard. The pendulum of menace to kids so swung excessively much the other manner and the thresholds for intercessions were significantly lowered, which culminated with the Cleveland Inquiry of 1988 when kids were removed from their households when there was small concrete grounds of injury ( Butler-Sloss, 1988 ) , with excessively much accent put on the medical sentiment. An equilibrium was needed for a collaborative work moral principle to portion cognition and accomplishments and Munro ( 2010 ) provinces that other service bureaus can non and should non replace SWs, but there is a demand for bureaus to prosecute professionally about kid s, immature people and households on their caseloads. The Children Act 2004 ( Dept of Health, 2004 ) and associated authorities counsel, introduced following the Public Inquiry into the decease of Victoria Climbie in 2000, including Every Child Matters ( Dept of Health, 2003 ) , were written to emphasize the importance of interprofessional and multiagency working and to assist better it. The failure to join forces efficaciously was highlighted as one of many missed chances by the enquiry into the tragic decease of Victoria Climbie ( Laming, 2003 ) and Baby Peter ( Munro, 2009 ) . There is an premise that shared information is information understood jobs with information sharing and effectual commination are cited once more and once more in public question studies Rose and Barnes 2008 ; Brandon et Al, 2008 ) . These jobs can merely be approximately really practical issues, such as holds in information shearing, lost messages, names and references that are falsely recorded ( Crippling 2003 cited in Ten booby traps and how to avoid them 2010 ) An expressed purpose was to actuate the part of multiagency working. By 1997 Labour had been re elected and rolled out a figure of surveies into coaction. These surveies revealed the many complexnesss and obstructions to collaborative working ( Weinstein, 2003 ) . The chief drivers of the authorities s wellness and societal attention policies were partnership, coaction and multi-disciplinary working. One of the countries covered by Working Together to Safeguard Children 2010 ( Dept of Health, 2010 ) stated that administrations and bureaus should work together to recognize and pull off any person who presents a hazard of injury to kids. The Children Act 1989 ( Dept of Health, 1989 ) requires multi-agency coaction to assist indentify and look into any instances of kid maltreatment, and the protection and support of victims and their households. It should be remembered that everyone brings their piece of expertise/ cognition to assist construct the saber saw ( Working Together 2010 ) an d to measure the service user in a holistic manner. Although the virtues of coaction have seldom been disputed, the hazard of struggle between the professional groups remains. Some of the barriers to coaction are different resource allotment systems, different answerability constructions, professional tribalism, gait of alteration and disbursement restraints The disadvantages are if commissioning was led by wellness, an over-emphasis on wellness attention demands, and unfairnesss between patients from different patterns There are challenges in footings of professional and personal opposition to alter ; it is hard to alter entrenched attitudes even through inter-professional instruction. Sometimes professionals disagree about the causes of and the solutions to jobs, they may hold different aims because of different paradigms ( Pierson A ; M, 2010 ) . There are besides several concerns for SWs which include non cognizing which appraisals to utilize, looking to be different or work otherwise from others in the squad, non being taken earnestly or listened to by co-workers and non holding sufficient clip or resources because of budget restraints ( Warren, 2007 ) . Some of the logical thinking for this pessimistic temper is feelings of inequality and competitions, the comparative position and power of professionals, professional individuality and district. Different forms of answerability and discretion between professionals, are all lending factors to these feelings ( Hudson, 2002 ) . Thompson ( 2009 ) suggests that alternatively of the SW being viewed as the expert with all the replies to the jobs, they should step back and expression at what other professionals can lend. Collaborative working offers a manner frontward, in which the SW works with everyone involved with the clients ; carers, voluntary workers and other professional staff, to maximize the resources, therefore giving an chance for doing advancement and affording the service user the best possible attention. Weinstein, et Al, ( 2003 ) stated that although there are jobs with collaborative working, the possible positive results out-weight the negatives. There could be a more incorporate, seasonably and consistent response to the many complex homo jobs, fewer visits, better record maintaining and transportation of information, and some decrease of hazard ; therefore the whole is greater than the amount of the parts. If SWs work in silos , working in a vacuity, they are improbable to maximize their impact ( Brodie, 2008 ) . It is of import to utilize coaction and an interprofessional/multi bureau working civilization in Social Work in order that the most vulnerable service users receive the best possible appraisals of their demands. The advantages are better apprehension of the restraints of each bureau and system overall, shared information on local demands, decrease in duplicate of appraisals, better planning, avoiding the blame civilization when jobs occurred and accessing societal attention via wellness less stigmatising. Greater cognition of the SWs functions and duties by other wellness attention professionals will guarantee that the SWs function is non substituted in appraisal of the service users fortunes and demands ( Munro, 2010 ) . The Munro Report ( 2010 ) besides states that if everyone holds a piece of the saber saw a full image is impossible until every piece is put together. Working together to Safeguard Children states a multi-professional attack is required to guarantee coaction among all involved, which may include ambulance staff, A A ; E section staff, medical examiners officers, constabularies, GPs, wellness visitants, school nurses, community kids s nurses, accoucheuses, baby doctors, alleviant or terminal of life attention staff, mental wellness professionals, substance abuse workers, hospital mourning staff, voluntary bureaus, medical examiners, diagnosticians, forensic medical testers, local authorization kids s societal attention, YOTs, probation, schools, prison staff where a kid has died in detention and any others who may happen themselves with a part to do in single instances ( for illustration, fire combatants or faith leaders ) . In a survey by Carpenter et Al ( 2003 ) refering the impact on staff of supplying integrated attention in multi-disciplinary mental wellness squads in the North of England, the most positive consequences were found in countries where services were to the full integrated. There is much grounds to propose that coaction represents an ethical method of pattern where differences are respected, but used creatively to happen solutions to complex jobs. In kernel the service user should be cared for in a holistic attack and to accomplish this coaction is the reply. ( 1516 ) Professor Munro askes Some local countries have introduced societal work-led, multi-agency vicinity squads to assist inform best following stairss in regard of a kid or immature individual, including whether a formal kid protection intercession is needed. Do you believe this is utile? Do you hold grounds of it working good? What are the practical deductions of this attack? ( hypertext transfer protocol: //www.communitycare.co.uk/Articles/2011/01/04/116046/munro-asks-frontline-workers-what-needs-to-change.htm )

Bismarck essays

Bismarck essays Bismarck was born in 1815, at Schnhausen, northwest of Berlin, the son of a landowning nobleman (Junker) and an upper-middle-class commoner. In 1862, the Prussian King Wilhelm I appointed him as Prime Minister and Foreign Minister of Prussia. (Hollyday, 1970:11) To justify the increase of the army, Bismarck warned that "the great questions of the day [meaning German unification] will not be settled by speeches and majority decisions ... but by blood and iron."(Williamson, 1998: 94) Thus, Historians called Bismarck the Chancellor of Blood and Iron. Through the Danish- Prussian War of 1864, the Austro-Prussian War of 1866 and the Franco- Prussian War of 1870, he unified Germany. He was the first chancellor (1871-90) of the German Empire. However, the successor of Wilhelm I, Wilhelm II, dismissed Bismarck in 1890. This speech was announced to the German Reichstag in 1888, its main point was to claim the necessity of strong German armament because of its geographical position and because it faced a potential anti German coalition. Germany is located in the heart of Europe and has at least three fronts open to an attack. France and Russia could make an alliance against Germany because of their abhorrence to Germany and warlike nature. At the same time, Bismarck expressed that Germany desired peace and was not interested in any kind of an aggressive war; they were willing to work for peace with their neighbors, especially with Russia. The unspoken assumption of this document was to raise the nationalism in Germany and gain support from the nationalists and conservatives in the Reichstag. Thus, Bismarck emphasized the threats from Russia and France, and the glory of German unification. If Germany did not do anything to protect its achievements, it would lose everything again. A German army, stronger than any other nation of equal numbers in the world, was the best way to protect this great achievement. However, lack of money was th...

Evolution of lactase gene in homo sapiens Term Paper

Evolution of lactase gene in homo sapiens - Term Paper Example Genetics and molecular studies of genes presently and in the past are pointing towards an evolutionary cause behind its persistence in adults. In order to prove that something is a product of evolution, one must demonstrate that a favourable trait mutated. Additionally, one must show that the trait was transmittable to offspring and the environment favoured that trait. This may necessitate genital analysis of pre-historical data as well as present ones. Furthermore, these patterns ought to be analysed in relation to the behavioural or cultural patterns of the subjects as it could affect the adoption of the trait. The paper will look into these dimensions in order to illustrate the evolution of the lactase gene. Advantages and disadvantages in a population Lactase-phlorizin hydrolase (LPH) is the enzyme responsible for the digestion of lactose in Homo sapiens. Lactase activity in the intestines depends on the maturity of the person under consideration. Infants between two to eleven mo nths old have some of the highest activity levels. As a child reaches the age of five, lactase activity reduces, and this may continue in subsequent times. Therefore, the amount of the LPH enzyme will reduce because a person stops suckling or consuming lactose. Conversely, some adult populations continue to maintain high level of lactase activity, especially those with North European descent. This persistence of activity is an evolutionary development that coincides with the development of the dairy industry in most parts of the world (Grand et. al. 618). It is thus advantageous to ingest lactose in adulthood because this will not limit the person’s dietary intake. They will have the freedom to consume milk without dealing with health challenges. Prior to the domestication of animals, adult populations did not need the lactase enzyme. Therefore non persistence was the available state. However, this dramatically changed when animals started providing milk to the human populati on. It became genetically advantageous to retain the lactase enzyme in adulthood. Since only persons with this enzyme can enjoy the nutritional benefits of milk, then lactase persistence is beneficial. Culture dictated gene adaptability and advanced evolution (Hollox 267). Milk is nutritionally beneficial to the human body because it a rich source of calcium. Therefore, consumption of the beverage would protect one from bone-related diseases such as osteoporosis (Swallow 208). Rickets is an undesirable condition that also emanates from the lack of calcium. It is a selective force that favoured the ingestion of milk. The lack of the lactase enzyme in adults leads to a number of difficulties when dealing with the digestion of milk. Once such individuals consume milk, the lactose in milk will stay undigested. No alteration in blood glucose will be detected if a test is done. Instead, the product will enter the colon and be fermented. Fermentation causes the production of gases such as hydrogen and fatty acids. This is possible through the action of bacteria in the gut. Usually, persons who are lactose intolerant will suffer from bloating or gaseousness, diarrhoea, nausea, cramps and discomfort after taking milk. The gases that are produced after fermentation can be detected through portable hydrogen analysers (Itan et. al. 8). Therefore, it is highly desirable to be lactase persistent. All the complications that emanate from fermentation would be absent. Swallow (207) highlights some potential risks of having

Answer to discussion board post Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Answer to discussion board post - Assignment Example ers aiming to effectively relay knowledge, it would be appropriate therefore, to assess the general or predominant learning styles of the students to provide the learning strategies that would maximize the students’ potentials to learn. This would also entail teaching applicable study skills like â€Å"active listening, reading comprehension, note taking, stress management, time management, test taking, and memorization† (Education Corner, 2011, par. 2), as needed. The strategies for applying study skills could be different depending on the subjects, such as English, science, history or mathematic classes since the subjects have diverse thrusts, learning objectives and focal points; but the study skills remain the same. For instance, English classes aim to develop students skills in grammar, writing, reading and comprehension which requires study skills that would develop proficiencies in these areas (note taking, reading comprehension, time management). On the other hand, for mathematics, skills could be apty developed through practice and provision of visual learning aids, such as flashcards, charts, or graphs, as needed. History requires a lot of reading and science subjects need both reading and applications, where active listening, note taking, time management and memorization would assist students in enhancing their potentials to learn. It is a matter of using the most appropriate strategy to apply the study skills deemed needed to impro ve learning and academic performance of

Fahrenheit 451 Essay Example for Free

Fahrenheit 451 Essay In life some people change, and others do not. In the book Fahrenheit 451 by Ray Bradbury, Guy Montag is a courageous, strong firefighter who constantly changes throughout the book. Reason how Montag is a dynamic character is when he kills Faber, when he starts to read Mildred’s friends the poem, and when he starts to take the books. Guy Montag is a dynamic character when he starts to take books. â€Å"His hand has done it all, his hand, with a brain of its own, with a conscience and a curiosity in each trembling finger, had turned thief. Now it plunged the book back under his arm, pressed it tight to sweating armpit, rushed out empty, with a magician’s flourish!† (41.) In the story, it is illegal to have books, because people who read will fill superior to others. At this point in the story, the firefighters are burning a house that has books in them. Montag becomes curious and takes a book. In the beginning, Guy Montag did not like books and enjoyed burning them. He is changed because he wants to read and know more about books. He became a more dynamic character by taking the book. Taking books is not the only other reason how Montag is different. In the book Montag recited a poem called Dover Beach to Mildred’s friends. â€Å"’ The Sea of Faith Was once, too, at the full, and round earth’s shore Lay like the folds of a bright girdle furled. But now I only hear Its melancholy, long, withdrawing roar, Retreating, to the breath Of the night-wind, down the vast edges drear And naked shingles of the world.’† (102.) At this point in the story Mildred, her friends, and Montag are in Mildred’s house. Montag is repeating Shakespeare. It is a poem about war. In the beginning of the book Montag did not want people to know he was reading books but now he does not care because he is reciting it to people. He changed from being secretive about reading to having others know even though it could get him in trouble. Lastly, Montag changed by becoming a killer. â€Å"Montag, you idiot, Montag, you damn fool; why did you really do it.† In the story right now, Montag just killed Beatty. Earlier in the story, Montag admired Beatty. He liked burning books at the end, now; he killed Beatty because he made him burn his books. He changed here from being a good firefighter to going against Beatty and the laws. Montag is a dynamic character. Montag changed, because he started to take books, he started to recite books, and he killed Beatty. If it were not for these changes, though, Montag would not be a leader. Changes in life can lead to new and better things in life.

Christina Rossettis Poetry: Controlled and Passionate Essay -- Cousin

Christina Rossetti's Poetry: Controlled and Passionate Rossetti's poetry has been described as both controlled and passionate. Making clear what you understand by the terms discuss which of these two views you have more sympathy with and why. Refer closely to at least three of the set poems. Christina Rossetti poetry uses concise structures but through these she expresses immense emotion; in this respect her poetry can accurately described as "both controlled and passionate" yet the two words are almost a paradox as passion is frequently seen to be at odds with controlled tight structures. Other poets have also followed in Rossetti's footsteps by combining tight structured poetic forms with emotion e.g. Dylan Thomas. L.E.L is a prime example of Rossetti's technique; it combines a complex structure with a very emotive outcry. The structure is very precise with each verse not only rhyming within itself, in an A, B, A, B, C, C, C pattern, but also within pairs of stanzas containing a pattern between them on the 5th to 8th lines. The 2nd and fourth lines provide visually rhyming lines throughout the poem connecting each verse although when the poem is read aloud the lines do not rhyme verbally. Rossetti also plays with structures in the poem, beginning with an elegiac stanza form ("a Quatrain of four iambic pentameters rhyming A, B, A, B" - Pears Cyclopaedia) before diversifying into her own version ending with C, C, C. The elegiac stanza form helps contribute to the passion by setting the tone for the poem while at the same time Rossetti alters the form to suit her needs showing creativity within her "control". The latter section of each stanza is in a different tone relating and contrasting the emot... ... with more flair in her earlier poetry, with later works settling into more conventional forms. Thus it is difficult to decide which argument to have more sympathy with as both control and passion are constantly intertwined and also changed as Rossetti grew older. Work Cited Rossetti, Christina. The Poetical Works of Christina Georgina Rossetti. With Memoir and Notes &c. Ed. William Michael Rossetti. London; New York: Macmillan, 1904. Works Consulted Armstrong, Isobel. 'A Music of Thine Own': Women's Poetry. in: Joseph Bristow, Victorian Women Poets. Emily Bronte, Elizabeth Barrett Browning, Christina Rossetti. Basingstoke and London: Macmillan Press Limited, 1995, 32-63. Harrison, Antony H. Christina Rossetti in Context. Brighton: The Harvester Press, 1988. Marsh, Jan. Christina Rossetti. A Literary Biography. London and Sydney: Pimlico, 1995.

Collective Bargaining in the Public Sector

Collective Bargaining in the Public Sector Linda Howerton PHI 103 Informal Logic Instructor: Ms. Tanya Martin October 22, 2012 ? Collective Bargaining in the Public Sector Union membership is today at an all time low. It has been steadily declining since the 1980’s. Private sector union membership has been affected the most, while that of the public sector has remained relatively strong (Devinatz, 2011 Spring). Public worker unions, especially state and federal government unions, must be allowed to continue to bargain collectively to ensure the rights and job security of their members.Collective bargaining allows union members to have a voice regarding their wages, benefits, and working conditions. According to Raymond Hogler, in the â€Å"Labor Law Journal†, Fall 2012, â€Å"The erosion of institutions of collective bargaining will inevitably lead to a diminution of wages, benefits, and working conditions for workers† (Hogler, p. 163). Many public employees, esp ecially teachers who work for the state, receive much lower pay than other professionals. Collective bargaining allows public employees a much needed say about their jobs, wages, and benefits.Whereas teachers, for instance, have lower pay than many other professionals, collective bargaining has ensured that they have one of the best retirement systems. In addition, collective bargaining has protected teachers’ job tenure, thus preventing them from being fired without a due process hearing and other protections. The need for unions were a direct result of the unfair labor practices employed during the Industrial Revolution beginning in the late 18th century and continuing on into the early 20th century.Since there were no labor laws initially, especially regarding child labor, women and children were often employed for long hours at low wages. At one time, women and children made up 75% of the factory work force since they could be hired for lower wages. Children proved more m alleable and adapted more easily to the newer methods employed. Children as young as eight years old were sent to work in the factories or in the mines where their smaller bodies could fit into tight and often highly dangerous places (Bond, Gingerich, Archer-Antonson, Purcell, & Macklem, 2003).Children were also preferred at times to work in factories since their small hands could reach into tight places when moving parts became jammed. There were few safeguards in place to prevent the children’s hands and arms from becoming maimed if caught between moving parts on a machine. During the late 1700s in England, a man named Slater employed a Pauper system whereby he used children from poor families as workers in his mills. These children worked twelve to sixteen hours a day for six days a week.Instead of being paid wages, these children received room and board, thereby alleviating the burden of feeding them from their families. Families of the children were appalled at the tight discipline, lack of heat, and the working conditions in the mills. Many of the children chose to run away. When the employment of just children proved problematic, entire households were hired. The father negotiated the contract and stipulated the conditions for each family member (Tucker, 2005 May, p. 24). During the Industrial Revolution, government adopted a hands-off or laissez-faire attitude towards business.Therefore, business owners could treat their workers however they wished. Since children could be hired for less pay, they were hired in great numbers, working 12 to 14 hour days under horrible conditions. Many of these children became apprentices to the factory owners where they lived in miserable dormitories. They were frequently under-fed, ill-clothed, and beaten with fist and whip. There was a high death rate among child laborers (Hackett, 1992). Since all or most members of the family were working for upwards of eighteen hours daily, the family unit broke down.Childre n’s family contact usually amounted to the few hours spent at home sleeping. Since many families lived in shared housing with other families, family units withered even further. Children received little or no education, were malnourished and sickly, and experienced stunted growth. They grew up maladjusted since they had never been taught how to properly behave. The living conditions were appalling with little or no sanitation. As a result, infant mortality skyrocketed during the Industrial Revolution: over 50% of infants died before they eached two years of age (Bond, Gingerich, Archer-Antonson, Purcell, & Macklem, 2003). It is largely due to the unsafe conditions, abuse of laborers, especially women and children, and the workers’ lack of a voice over their employment that labor unions first came into existence. The earliest unions were established as â€Å"friendly societies† that charged dues to be used to assist workers during unemployment or sickness. It was n’t long before they grew into organizations seeking to win improvements for workers by the use of strikes and collective bargaining.Industrial workers increasingly became involved politically to encourage the passage of laws favorable to them. This drive by workers to increase their political power, as well as the right to vote, was largely responsible for the 19th century spread of democracy (Hackett, 1992). Today, labor unions seek to control the supply of labor. This control over the labor supply enables unions to secure collective bargaining agreements that have â€Å"brought millions of America’s workers into the middle class† (Gitlow, 2012 Summer, p. 124).The fear of being unionized exerts psychological pressure on employers which can often serve as a check on their otherwise abusive and exploitative inclinations (Gitlow, 2012 Summer). According to Givan and Hipp, in a 24 nations study of workers’ views about the efficacy of unions, entitled  "Public Perceptions of Union Efficacy: A Twenty-Four Country Study,† most laborers who belong to unions: feel most positive about the ability of unions to improve working conditions and job security. Women tend to hold a more positive view than men of the effects of unions on job security.Women are generally more susceptible to various forms of workplace discrimination, which creates a greater need for the kind of protection provided by unions (Givan and Hipp, 2012 March, p. 25). Thus we can easily see the importance of unions for the protections they offer workers regarding pay, working conditions, the right to strike if necessary, and most especially, the right to collectively bargain. Unions and the right to collectively bargain are increasingly endangered across the United States.At least 17 states have passed legislation or have bills pending that would severely curtail the right of employees to collectively bargain (Rigiero, 2011 April). According to Deb Rigiero, in â₠¬Å"You are now entering the United Corporations of America,† â€Å"We are rapidly becoming the workplace of the past†¦ the workplace without safety regulations; the workplace without workers’ rights; and the workplace without recognition of and appreciation for the worker† (Rigiero, 2011 April, p. 14). Right to work (RTW) laws have been steadily eroding workers’ rights for many years already.Over 22 states have passed RTW laws. The RTW laws aren’t there to guarantee workers the right to a job, but are instead aimed at the unions’ abilities to collect dues to aid in administering the unions. Under RTW laws, it is illegal to for unions to require workers to pay these dues. Without members’ dues to support them, unions’ power and strength of collective bargaining are severely undermined. Many unions may eventually find themselves endangered or extinct (Lafer, 2012 February 6).Then workers will find themselves without represent ation or even a voice regarding their rights. Those people against public employee unions and collective bargaining feel that public sector employees are receiving excessive pay and benefits at the expense of the American taxpayers (Schulz, 2012 January 10). Unions restrict the authority and management of company managers. In addition, unions may have a polarizing effect between management and the employees of a company. Unions also restrict the ability of managers to deal one-on-one with employees.When unions are involved, management is unable to make unilateral changes that may involve hours, wages, or other issues dealing with employment (University of Maryland, Baltimore County, 2012). In â€Å"Why U. S. should cheer for Wisconsin Gov. Scott Walker,† Nick Schulz feels that â€Å"The collective bargaining privilege gives teacher unions political power that is used to block reform efforts and shield K-12 education from entrepreneurial disruptions that threaten established ways of doing things† (Schulz, 2012, Para. 11).Many Republicans espouse school vouchers as the answer to declining test scores across the United States. Vouchers are opposed by teacher unions and most educators who say that they would disrupt or damage our public education system in the U. S. If parents are allowed to use vouchers to choose which school their children attend, then those parents will be able to select the school that best fits their children’s needs and learning style. Whereas this might be great for the child involved, it could pose difficulties for already cash-strapped public schools that would lose some of their state funding.Public school employees who belong to teacher unions should be treated as professionals, yet they receive pay far below that of other professionals such as doctors, lawyers, and engineers. Collective bargaining has allowed public union members to speak on their own behalf regarding their working conditions and job benefits. Publ ic sector unions are currently â€Å"under attack† by right-wing politicians supported by large corporations (McAlevey, 2011 March 7). If public union members are not allowed to use collective bargaining, then they will no longer have a voice in their wages, benefits, or working conditions.Wages could be cut at the whim of management. To finish their jobs for the day, many public employees might find themselves working â€Å"off the clock† since management can require more from them without recompense. According to an article by Raymond Hogler and Christine Henle, entitled â€Å"The Attack on Public Sector Unions in the United States: How Regional Culture Influences Legal Policy,† â€Å"Coincident with union declines, American workers experienced stagnant wages, a diminution of benefits, and overall degradation of working conditions† (Hogler and Henle, 2011 Fall, p. 37). 22 states have now passed right to work laws which â€Å"interfere with unionsâ€⠄¢ ability to maintain solidarity and acquire resources† (Hogler and Henle, 2011 Fall, p. 138). Those states with right to work laws have less union density, as well as â€Å"less equality for their citizens in terms of health care, education, and income† (Hogler and Henle, 2011 Fall, p. 143). Public union employees must be allowed to continue bargaining collectively to protect their right to have a voice in their working conditions, wages, and benefits.Collective bargaining ensures that public union members make a livable wage to support their families now, as well as having a secure retirement pension waiting for them when they retire. Many politicians indicate that teachers earn too much money. A teacher I know now makes below the national poverty level, yet he holds a Master’s Degree plus 30 hours. He is not an isolated case. Many teachers who belong to a teachers’ union still make salaries below the national poverty level. If their pay erodes even fur ther, then many teachers will be unable to afford to continue teaching.Teachers’ and other public employee unions are there to support and protect great teachers, not cover for any â€Å"bad† ones. Don’t we want to hold on to the dedicated teachers who have given of themselves to ensure that all children receive a free quality public education? ? References Bond, E. , Gingerich, S. , Archer-Antonson, O. , Purcell, L. , & Macklem, E. (2003). Impact of the Industrial Revolution. Retrieved Sunday, October 21, 2012, from http://industrialrevolution. sea. ca Devinatz, V. (2011, Spring). U. S. Trade Unionism Under Globalization: The Death of Voluntarism and the Turn to Politics?Labor Law Journal. 62(1). 16-29. Retrieved Saturday, September 29, 2012, from EBSCOhost AN: 59982464 Gitlow, A. (2012, Summer). Ebb and Flow in America’s Trade Unions: The Present Prospect. Labor Law Journal. 63(2). 123-136. Retrieved Saturday, October 13, 2012 from EBSCOhost AN: 7802312 6 Givan, R. & Hipp, L. Public Perceptions of Union Efficacy: A Twenty-Four Country Study. Labor Studies Journal. 37(1). 7-32. Retrieved Saturday, October 13, 2012, from EBSCOhost DOI: 10. 1177/0160449X11429264 Hackett, L. (1992). Industrial Revolution. History World International.Retrieved Sunday, October 21, 2012, from http://history-world. org/Industrial Intro. htm Hogler, R. (2012, Fall). Constitutionalizing Paycheck Protection: What Knox v. Service Employees International Union Means for American Labor. Labor Law Journal. 63(3). 153-164. Retrieved Saturday, September 29, 2012, from EBSCOhost AN:80170928 Hogler, R. and Henle, C. (2011, Fall). The Attack on Public Sector Unions in the United States: How Regional Culture Influences Legal Policy. Labor Law Journal. 62(3). 136-144. Retrieved Saturday, September 29, 2012, from EBSCOhost AN:66687318References Lafer, G. (2012, June 2). Right to Work – for Less. Nation. 294(6). 24-26. Retrieved Saturday, October 13, 2012, from EBS COhost AN: 70466585 McAlevey, J. (2011, March 7). Labor’s Last Stand. Nation. 292(10/11). 22-26. Retrieved Saturday, September 29, 2012, from EBSCOhost AN: 58504081 Rigiero, D. (2011, April). â€Å"You are now entering the United Corporations of America. † Please leave your union card at the border. Massachusetts Nurse Advocate. 82(3). 14. Retrieved Saturday, October 13, 2012, from EBSCOhost AN: 2011071259 Schulz, N. 2012, January 10). Why U. S. should cheer for Wisconsin Gov. Scott Walker. USA Today. Retrieved Saturday, September 29, 2012, from EBSCOhost AN: JOE207214460212 Tucker, B. (2005, May). Liberty is Exploitation: The Force of Tradition in Early Manufacturing. OAH Magazine of History. 19(3). 21-24. Retrieved Sunday, October 21, 2012, from JSTOR http://www. jstor. org/stable/25161943 University of Maryland, Baltimore County. (2001, January 24). Pros and Cons of Collective Bargaining. Retrieved Monday, October 22, 2012, from www. umbc. edu/uwaaup/ collective. ht m

Significance of Cosmology on Ritual and Music Culture in...

Significance of Cosmology on Ritual and Music Culture in Early China Beginning when the mythical Five emperors of China ruled (2800-2070 BCE), the relationship between music and ritual was already established in order to follow moral and ethical guidelines and establish social order. This gave way to a complex system of music and ritual that were intertwined and interdependent, with the single aim of bringing harmony to society and ensuring success and strength of the Dynasty. The correlation between music culture, ritual and social values became strictly defined in during the Zhou dynasty (1045-256 BCE) because in the ideal society as conceptualized by Confucius (551-479 BCE), incorporating the Five Phases and other cosmological ideas into the development of music, the music system and practice was the way to achieve harmony between Heaven and Man and obtain moral order. Throughout this paper, I will examine the roots of the Chinese music system beginning with the mythical emperor Shun and then examine how music was incorporated into the daily lives of the early Chinese philosophically and socially through ritual. The tomb of the Marquis of Yi will serve as an archeological illustration of the significance early Chinese placed on music and ritual. The first Chinese musical instruments were created almost three thousand years before Christ and the first and most fundamental note that in turn gave rise to the rest of music theory in China. What is remarkable about theShow MoreRelatedThe Evolution Of Music Throughout Ancient Egypt And Mesopotamia2480 Words   |  10 PagesAnother mark of a successful civilization is the evolution of music. Since music is not essential to survival, its development is usually within a large established society. The purpose of music varies from civilization to civilization, era to era. 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